Moed Katan 8

Chapter 8

א מדלין שלופי כדתנן המידל בגפנים כשם שהוא מידל בשלו כך הוא מידל בשל עניים דברי ר' יהודה רבי מאיר אומר בשלו רשאי ואינו רשאי בשל עניים
1 to pull out [vegetables],<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' I.e., one may lift vegetables for thinning and improving the crop. If the vegetables pulled up are to be eaten in the course of the festival week, and it should be vocalized to read madlin.');"><sup>1</sup></span> as we learned:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Pe'ah VII, 5. Cf. IV. kshn kks');"><sup>2</sup></span>
ב אמר ליה והתניא מדלין מים לירקות כדי לאוכלן אמר ליה אי תניא תניא:
2 'If one is [engaged in] thinning<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' from .');"><sup>3</sup></span> vines, just as he may thin his own, so also he may thin those due to the poor;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Lev. XIX, 10; Deut. XXIV, 21.');"><sup>4</sup></span>
ג ואין עושין עוגיות לגפנים: מאי עוגיות אמר רב יהודה בנכי תניא נמי הכי אלו הן עוגיות בדידין שבעיקרי זיתים ושבעיקרי גפנים
3 so R'Judah. R'Meir says: He is permitted [to attend] to his own but not to those of the poor'.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Because he has no right to handle them, as if they were his.');"><sup>5</sup></span>
ד איני והא רב יהודה שרא לבני בר ציתאי למעבד בנכי לכרמיהון לא קשיא הא בחדתי הא בעתיקי:
4 Said Rabina: But it is taught [explicitly]: 'One may raise water for vegetables i they are to be eaten'! - Said Rabbah [of Thospia] to Rabina: If it is thus taught, that settles the matter.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' It is taught.');"><sup>6</sup></span> NOR MAY SMALL BASINS ['UGIOTH] BE FORMED ABOUT THE VINES.
ה ר' אלעזר בן עזריה אומר אין עושין את האמה: בשלמא מועד משום דקא טרח אלא שביעית מאי טעמא
5 What is meant by 'ugioth?<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Grooves, ditchlets, or circular depressions, or trenching drawn around a group of vines. V. n. 5 on MISHNAH:');"><sup>7</sup></span> - Said Rab Judah, [What we call] banki.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Little hollows, basins.');"><sup>8</sup></span>
ו פליגו בה רבי זירא ורבי אבא בר ממל חד אמר מפני שנראה כעודר וחד אמר מפני שמכשיר אגפיה לזריעה
6 It is also taught thus: These are 'ugioth; light hoeing done about the roots of olives and at the roots of vines.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Tosef. M.K. I, 2. Cf. Ibid. Sheb. I.');"><sup>9</sup></span> [But] this is not so, for did not Rab Judah allow the family of Bar-Zittai<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' A well-known family referred to in Yeb. 21b.');"><sup>10</sup></span>
ז מאי בינייהו איכא בינייהו דקא אתו מיא בתריה מאן דאמר מפני שמכשיר אגפיה לזריעה איכא ומ"ד מפני שנראה כעודר ליכא
7 to make banki in their vineyards? - This is not difficult: The one statement [in the Mishnah] refers to fresh [trenchings], the other [Rab Judah's] refers to re-trenching.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'old ones'.');"><sup>11</sup></span> R'ELEAZAR B. AZARIAH SAYS A [WATER] CHANNEL MAY NOT BE NEWLY MADE [DURING THE FESTIVAL WEEK, NOR IN THE SABBATICAL YEAR; BUT THE SAGES SAY].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. Mishnah 2a.');"><sup>12</sup></span>
ח ולמאן דאמר מפני שנראה כעודר ליחוש מפני שמכשיר אגפיה לזריעה אלא איכא בינייהו דקא שקיל מיניה ושדי לבראי למאן דאמר מפני שמכשיר אגפיה לזריעה ליכא למ"ד מפני שנראה כעודר איכא
8 It is perfectly in order in regard to the festival week, because he performs laborious work, but what reason can there be [against making a channel] in the sabbatical year? - R'Zera and R'Abba B'Memel differ in the matter: One says [it is forbidden] because [the digger] seems to be doing spading [in his field]; the other says, because he is [thereby] preparing the banks for sowing. What is the [practical] difference between the two [explanations]? - There is a difference where water comes along forthwith; according to the one who says that [it is] because he is preparing the banks for sowing, there is [still an objection], but according to the one who says that [it is] because he seems to be doing spading, there is none.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' The flow of water in the trench shows that he has no intention of spading the field.');"><sup>13</sup></span>
ט ולמ"ד מפני שמכשיר אגפיה לזריעה ליחוש מפני שנראה כעודר עודר נמי כי קא שקיל בדוכתיה מנח ליה
9 But, the one who objects on the ground that he seems to be doing spading, should he not likewise object on the ground that he seems to be preparing the bank for sowing? - Rather, the [practical] difference between them is where he takes [the mould] from the trench and throws it outside. According to the one who says that [it is] because he seems to be preparing the banks for sowing, there is no objection, whereas according to the one who says that [it is] because he seems to be spading, there is [still an objection].
י אמימר מתני לה מפני שנראה כעודר וקשיא ליה דרבי אלעזר בן עזריה אדר' אלעזר בן עזריה ומי אמר ר' אלעזר בן עזריה כל שנראה כעודר אסור
10 But, he who takes the view that he seems to be preparing the banks for sowing, should he not likewise admit the objection that he seems to be doing spading? - [No,] because one who does spading, as soon as he takes up a spadeful he puts it down again in its place. Amemar taught this [clause of the] Mishnah with the explanation [that R'Eleazar B''Azariah forbids making a channel] 'because he seems to be doing spading [in his field]'<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In the sabbatical year.');"><sup>14</sup></span>
יא ורמינהי עושה אדם את זבלו אוצר ר' מאיר אוסר עד שיעמיק שלשה טפחים או עד שיגביה ג' טפחים היה לו דבר מועט מוסיף עליו והולך
11 but felt some difficulty about it in view of another statement of R'Eleazar B''Azariah. Could R'Eleazar B''Azariah [said he] have held the view that wherever one seems to be spading [his field],<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In the sabbatical year.');"><sup>14</sup></span>
יב רבי אלעזר בן עזריה אוסר עד שיעמיק שלשה או עד שיגביה שלשה או עד שיתן על הסלע
12 it is forbidden? And he contrasted that with the [statement in the] following [Mishnah]:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Sheb. III, 3.');"><sup>15</sup></span>
יג ר' זירא ור' אבא בר ממל חד אמר כגון שהעמיק וחד אמר זיבלו מוכיח עליו:
13 One may lay up a store of manure [in his field].<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' In the sabbatical year.');"><sup>14</sup></span> R'Meir says he may not until he places it either three handbreadths below or three handbreadths above [the surface].
יד ומתקנין את המקולקלת במועד: מאי מקולקלת אמר רבי אבא שאם היתה עמוקה טפח מעמידה על ששה טפחים
14 If he had some small quantity [already there] he may go on adding thereto. R'Eleazar B''Azariah says [even then] he may not until he puts it down either three handbreadths below, or raises it three handbreadths above [the surface],<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Here R. Eleazar b. 'Azariah permits digging in the field in the sabbatical year to prepare a place for the manure store without seeming concern about giving a wrong impression, that he is said to have had in his mind when he prohibited the making of a water channel.');"><sup>16</sup></span>
טו פשיטא חצי טפח על שלשה טפחים כיון דלא עבר מיא לא כלום הוא טפחיים על שנים עשר דקא טרח טירחא יתירא לא
15 or places it on a rock!' - R'Zera and R'Abba B'Memel [explained this seeming discrepancy], one said: [The latter Mishnah means where], for instance, he has had the place excavated; the other said: [The reason there is because] the manure heap itself attests his intention.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Lit., 'is the proof for him'. Cf. J.M.K. I, 2. J. Sheb. III, 2.');"><sup>17</sup></span> AND [A CHANNEL] THAT HAS GOT OUT OF ORDER MAYBE RE-PAIRED.
טז טפחיים על שבעה מהו הכא חמשה קא מעמיק והכא חמשה קא מעמיק או דלמא כיון דאיכא טפח יתירא איכא טירחא טפי תיקו
16 What is meant by OUT OF ORDER? - Said R'Abba:<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' D.S. react Abbahu.');"><sup>18</sup></span> 'It means that if it is [now, for instance] but one handbreadth in depth, he may restore it to [a depth of] six handbreadths'.
יז אביי שרא לבני בר המדך לשחופי נהרא רבי ירמיה שרא להו לבני סכותא למיכרא נהרא טמימא רב אשי שרא להו לבני מתא מחסיא לאקדוחי נהר בורניץ אמר כיון דשתו מיניה רבים כרבים דמי ותנן עושין כל צורכי רבים:
17 It is obvious that [to restore it] from half a handbreadth to [the original] three, seeing that there was [originally] scarcely any flow of water, it is nothing at all;<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' It is useless work to be done in the festival week (Rashi) .');"><sup>19</sup></span> [to deepen it] front two handbreadths to [the original] twelve<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' That is, proportionately double, i.e., from one to six and from two to twelve.');"><sup>20</sup></span>
יח ומתקנין את
18 which involves extra exertion,<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' V. supra 2a, pp. 3 and 4.');"><sup>21</sup></span> is not [allowed]. What about [deepening it] front two [handbreadths] to [the original] seven? [Do we argue that] as in the first instance [it was explained above] he deepens it by five handbreadths, [from one to six], so here he deepens it by five handbreadths [from two to seven];<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' And it should therefore be permitted.');"><sup>22</sup></span> or, maybe that as in this instance he [actually] deepens the channel by an extra handbreadth there is extra exertion, and hence it is forbidden? - It stands undecided. Abaye allowed the people of Harmek to clear away<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' During the festival week.');"><sup>23</sup></span> [the growths obstructing]<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Projecting from the banks, or weeds choking the canal.');"><sup>24</sup></span> the canal.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' Or stream.');"><sup>25</sup></span> R'Jeremiah allowed the people of Sacutha to dredge the canal that had become blocked.<span class="x" onmousemove="('comment',' According to J.M.K. I, 2 it was a public bathing pool that had got into disorder at Sacutha and R. Abbahu allowed the repairing to be done in the festival week.');"><sup>26</sup></span> R'Ashi allowed the people of Matha-Mehasia to clear obstructions from the river Barnis, saying that as the public obtained their drinking water from it it was virtually a [pressing] public need, and we learn: AND ALL PUBLIC NEEDS MAY BE PERFORMED.